高速动车组通过隧道空气动力特性数值分析

Numerical Study of EMU Aerodynamics Through Tunnel

应用Navier-Stokes方程对350 km/h高速动车组通过隧道的空气动力特性进行数值模拟,湍流模型采用标准κ-ε双方程模型.计算表明列车在隧道内运行时空气动力学响应发生了剧烈变化:表面最大正压出现在列车鼻端,为8 030 Pa,列车尾部过渡区产生最大负压-5 628 Pa;列车中车底部裙板最大负压为-5 763 Pa;列车阻力系数不断变化,最大值为1.048.列车过隧道时表面压力变化幅值远远超过明线运行,最大增加率达1 259%.计算结果不仅可以作为后续结构强度分析的基础,为车辆优化设计提供参考,同时也为轨道与隧道建筑设计提供了有价值的信息.

The aerodynamic characteristics of 350 km/h EMU were described as through the tunnel with the application of Navier-Stokes equation,and the standard κ-ε is used for the turbulence model.Calculations show that the aerodynamic parameters are changed dramaticaly when the train is running in the tunnel.The maximum surface pressure of 8 030 Pa is in the nose of the train,the greatest negative pressure of-5 628 Pa is produced in the train tail transition zone,the maximum negative pressure of the middle train apron is-5 763 Pa.The train resistance coefficient is changing for the whole process,and the maximum is 1.048.The amplitude of the surface pressure is far more larger than open wire operation when the train runs through the tunnel with a maximum augment rate of 1 259%.The results can be used as the basis for subsequent analysis of structural strength and provides reference for optimal design of the vehicles,which gives valuable information for rail and tunnel construction design.