广州市荔湾区公共娱乐场所从业人员生存质量及影响因素分析

Quality of life of practitioners in places of public entertainment in Liwan District of Guangzhou City

目的探讨公共娱乐场所从业人员生存质量情况及其影响因素,为政府制定相关的策略和措施提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查方式,以2009年11月至2010年10月在广州市荔湾区疾病预防控制中心进行健康体检的公共娱乐场所从业人员为研究对象,使用《生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)》进行调查,内容包括社会人口学信息、身体状况、卫生服务利用及需求以及生存质量调查等,以荔湾区餐饮类从业人员生存质量作对照分析,调查时间及问卷均相同。采用非参秩和检验及logistic回归分析影响公共娱乐场所从业人员生存质量的相关因素。结果共调查1 661名公共娱乐场所从业人员,其中男性725人,女性936人,年龄集中在(20.3±9)岁。公共娱乐场所从业人员的生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域和环境领域得分(中位数)分别为12.85、12.43、13.22、11.35,评价自我生存质量的得分中位数及均数分别为3.00、3.18,评价健康状况的得分中位数及均数分别为3.00、2.66,餐饮类从业人员4个领域得分(中位数)分别为14.58、14.57、15.45、13.69,评价自我生存质量的得分中位数及均数分别为4.00、3.80,评价健康状况的得分中位数及均数分别为3.00、2.95。公共娱乐场所从业人员生存质量的生理、心理、社会关系和环境4个领域得分均比餐饮类从业人员低,评价自我生存质量、健康状况与餐饮类从业人员比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。经logistic回归分析显示:对公共娱乐场所从业人员生存质量生理领域方面的影响因素是年龄和身体是否出现症状;心理领域方面的影响因素是工作场所和性别;社会关系领域方面的影响因素是工作场所、身体是否出现症状及业余生活;环境领域方面的影响因素是工作场所和是否曾接受卫生相关服务(P<0.05或P<0.01)。在桑拿沐足中心、低档宾馆旅店工作、身体出现症状、未曾接受卫生相关服务的人群生存质量较低。结论荔湾区受调查的公共娱乐场所从业人员的生存质量较低。必须创造有利于支持健康的社会环境和制度,完善社会保障制度和医疗制度,提高该人群的生存质量。

Objective To investigate and discuss factors influencing the quality of life （QOL） of practitioners in places of public entertainment and provide evidences for related government policies, netho otis Practitioners working in places of public entertainment were investigated by cross-sectional method from November 2009 to October 2010 in Liwan District. The questionnaire based on WHOQOL-BREF was adopted. Results A total of 1 661 practitioners （725 males, 936 females; mean age, 20. 3 years） were included in this survey. The scores of practitioners in places of public entertainment in physiological field, psychological field, social relations and environmental domain were 12. 85, 12. 43, 13.22, and 11.35. The median and mean of scores were 3.00 and 3.18 in evaluation of the self QOL, and 3.00 and 2. 66 in the health field, respectively. The unconditional logistic regression showed the influence factors of QOL were age and condition of body in physiological field; workplace and sex in psychological field, workplace condition, body condition of seeking medicine and amateur life in social relations field; and workplace and taking on served in environmental domain （ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈0.01 ）. Those who worked in the sauna foot massage center, cheap hotel, with physical symptoms, or non-acceptance of health services had low QOL. Conclusion This study indicates the QOL of practitioners in places of public entertainment is low. We suggest that a healthy social environment, social security system and medical care system should be created and perfected to improve their QOL.