关于中国煤层瓦斯区域分布的几点认识

COGNITIONS OF THE REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF COAL BED GAS IN CHINA

据1994～1996 年连续3 年的统计,全国煤矿瓦斯灾害伤亡人数占煤矿伤亡总人数的40% 以上,瓦斯涌出规律、瓦斯涌出量预测、瓦斯突出预测仍是煤矿安全技术的难题。在加强对瓦斯灾害综合治理的同时,把瓦斯作为煤层气资源积极进行开发利用,是当前的研究方向。瓦斯区域分布规律研究可以概括为建立在煤层瓦斯生成条件、保存条件基础上的高瓦斯赋存量、高瓦斯涌出量、低瓦斯赋存量、低瓦斯涌出量区域分布规律研究;建立在高瓦斯赋存量基础上的煤层受强构造挤压、剪切作用进而发生韧塑性破坏形成一定厚度的“构造煤”,在煤层开采时发生煤与瓦斯突出危险的区域分布规律研究。提出了14 点认识,为矿井瓦斯涌出量预测、煤层瓦斯突出预测和煤层气开发利用研究奠定了基础。

Mine safety technology is still a difficult theme,which involves the rules of gas effusion,the prediction of gas effusion quantities and gas outbursts.According to the satistics (1994-1996),the wounded and dead persons from mine gas case take up the 40 percent of the total casualties in coal mines throughout China.Therefore,a research is now needed to reinforce the administration for gas disasters and to make use of gas as a kind of resources.The research on the reginal gas distribution law includes the study of high and low gas occurrence quantities as well as high and low gas effusion quantities based on the production and preserving conditions of the coalbed gas;and the study of some areas where disturbed coal of a certain thickness is formed by the strong tectonic compression and shear in the coal beds causing the danger of coal and gas emission during mining.Bassed on this research 14 cognitions have been proposed by the authors,which may help the prediction of gas effusion quantities,the prediction of gas outbust and the exploration of coalbed gas.