中国口腔颌面外科学科发展调查分析

A survey of oral and maxillofacial surgery in China

目的全面了解中国口腔颌面外科学科发展的现状、发现存在的问题、提出口腔颌面外科可持续发展的策略。方法设计“口腔颌面外科学科发展问卷调查表”，对地市级以上综合医院的口腔科、口腔专科医院、口腔医学院校的口腔颌面外科规模、人力资源、业务范围、医疗工作量、人才培养等项目进行问卷调查，并与5、10年前的状况进行比较。结果多数医疗机构口腔颌面外科医师人数、病床数、门诊人次增加，业务范围扩大，医疗水平提高。部分基层医疗机构相应医疗指标有下降，超过1／3的医疗机构口腔颌面外科研究生和进修生生源下降。结论口腔颌面外科在持续发展，但存在基层医疗机构口腔颌面外科力量有所削弱等问题，应采取相应的策略增强学科的竞争力。

Objective To understand the current status of the discipline and work out the developmental tactics of oral and maxillofacial surgery in China. Methods A questionnaire on the status of oral and maxillofacial surgery was designed and dispatched to the departments of stomatology in general hospitals at the level of prefecture or higher, stomatological hospitals and schools of stomatology. The contents of the questionnaire included the scale, manpower, professional extent, amount of clinical work and professional training of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The current status was compared with the previous status 5 and 10 years ago. Results In the most institutions which were surveyed, the number of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, beds and out-patients increased, the professional extent enlarged, and the clinical level improved. However, the above-mentioned clinical parameters decreased in some basic level institutions. The number of graduate students and trainees of oral and maxillofacial surgery decreased in onethird of institutions. Conclusions The discipline of oral and maxiilofacial surgery is continuously developing, but it is weakened in some basic level institutions. An effective developmental tactics should be carried on to improve the competition capability of the discipline.