江西省乙肝高发地区育龄妇女KAP调查与分析

Investigation and analysis on KAP among women of childbearing age in a region with high prevalence of hepatitis B in Jiangxi province

目的:了解江西省育龄妇女对乙肝的认知水平、态度及行为,分析其影响因素,为今后有针对性地开展宣传教育提供科学依据。方法:对江西省乙肝高发地区18～49岁育龄妇女进行乙肝防治知识-态度-行为问卷调查并对结果进行统计分析。结果:1 161名育龄妇女乙肝防治知识知晓率为45.76%,对乙肝的传播途径有一定的了解,但仍存在误区。被调查妇女乙肝防治知识平均得分(11.44±5.10)分,妇女年龄、文化程度、职业得分组间差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);只有不到1/3的调查对象愿意与乙肝患者/携带者交往;文化程度和是否注射疫苗是影响乙肝防治知识、态度、行为的主要因素。乙肝防治知识、态度及行为三者之间存在相关性。结论:江西省育龄妇女乙肝防治知识知晓率较低,对乙肝患者/携带者有一定的歧视现象,今后应针对低文化、高年龄、农民加强健康教育,提高乙肝防治基本知识和自我防护意识,最终控制乙肝传播。

Objective：To understand the knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） of women of childbearing age about hepatitis B in Jiangxi province,analyze the effect factors,provide a scientific basis for further carrying out propaganda and education specifically.Methods：The women of childbearing age（18～49 years old） in a region with high prevalence of hepatitis B in Jiangxi province received questionnaire survey of KAP of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B,and the results were analyzed retrospectively.Results：The awareness rate of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B was 45.76% among 1 161 women of childbearing age,the women understood the route of transmission of hepatitis B to a certain extent,but the misunderstanding still existed.The average value of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B among investigated women was（11.44±5.10）,there was significant difference among the women with different ages,different educational levels and different careers（P〈0.01）;the proportion of investigated objects willing to contact with the patients with hepatitis B or the carriers was less than 1/3;the educational level and injecting vaccine or not were the main effect factors of KAP of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B.There was a correlation among knowledge,attitude and practice of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B.Conclusion：The awareness rate of prevention knowledge of hepatitis B among women of childbearing age in Jiangxi province is low,and there is discrimination to the patients with hepatitis B or the carriers,health education should be further enhanced among the population with low educational level,advanced age and peasants,the basic knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and self-protection awareness should be improved,then the transmission of hepatitis B can be controlled in the end.