呼和浩特市粪金龟子群落动态特征研究

Seasonal Dynamic of Dung Beetle Assemblage in Horse Dung in Hohhot,Inner Mongolia

2010年6～10月,采用手拣法收集呼和浩特市赛马场马粪中的粪金龟子标本,分析其种类组成、多样性和季节动态特征.共捕获粪金龟子3 294头,隶属于2科2属18种,优势种为蜉金龟科一种Aphodius sp.1、直蜉金龟A.rectus和甫拉蜉金龟A.praeustus,分别占总捕获量的41.14%、29.48%和10.53%;粪金龟子群落的Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和物种丰富度9月最高,群落均匀性6月最高.城市环境中,由于生境和食物条件的剧烈变化,粪金龟子群落的物种组成和群落多样性均有较大变化,饲养以旅游和观光为目的的少量大型哺乳动物有利于粪金龟子多样性的保护.

The species composition, biodiversity and seasonal dynamic of dung beetle assemblage in horse dung were investigated in Hohhot by the method of hand-sorting from June to October 2010.3 294 dung beetles were captured and identified, which belong to 2 families, 2 genus, 18 species. Dominant species were Aphodius sp. 1 ,A. rectus and A. praeustus. The percentage of their individual number were 41.14%, 29.48 % and 10.53 %,respectively. Shannon-Weiner index （H＇） and Margalef richness index （DMa） of dung beetle assemblage were higher in September than that of in other month. And Pielou evenness index （E） was higher in June. Because of the changes of habitats and food resources in urban environment, the species composition and biodiversity of dung beetle assemblage had obviously alteration. For main aim of tourism, raising some large livestock in urban would benefit to conservation of dung beetle diversity.