扇贝精液超低温冷冻保存技术的研究

STUDIES ON SPERMATOZOA CRYOPRESERVATION OF SCALLOPS PATINOPECTEN YESSONESIS AND CHLAMYS FARRERI

于1997年3月—1997年5月，取山东长岛和青岛太平角海区的虾夷扇贝和s栉孔扇贝。采用自然排放法和解剖法取精液，用自然海水作基础溶液，采用不同的抗冻保护剂、冷冻速度、平衡时间，对精子的存活率、受精率和孵化率进行了研究。结果表明，两种扇贝的精子以自然海水为基础溶液，加8％－10％的DMSO作为抗冻保护剂，距液氮表面25cm、20cm、10cm各停留8min，移科液氮中保存；解冻时，距液氮表面10cm、15cm、20cm各停留6min，7－11℃流水解冻，置4℃20min，精于存活率为80％-90％，受精率为85％－95％，孵化率为70％－85％。

Spermatozoa cryopreservation of scallops Patinopecten yessonesis and Chlamys farreri from Chandao and Qngdao in Shandong Province was studied in 1997. Spermatozoa were collected from mta scallops by natural spawning and artificial clissechng. A series of tests were conducted tO develop a suitable freezing and thawing tecboque for the cryopreservation of the scallop spermatozoa.The effects of diluent composihons on spermatozoa survival rate and hme after thawing showed tha naed sea water was the best diluent and the average survival at of thawed spermatozoa was 80%-90% and the survival hme was more than 2h. DMSO was better than glycerin in cryopreservation of spermatozoa of scallops and the spermatozoa survival rate and time were 85%-90% and 2.5-3.5h respechvely. The results of freezing and thawing testS showed tha the survival rate of the spermatozoa could be as high as 80%- 85% when spermatozoa were maintrined at 25cm,20cm or 10cm above LN2 surface for 8-10min. The thewing test showed that the highest survival rate of LN2 frozen-thawed spermatozoa could be obtained when the spermatozoa were maintained at 10cm, 15cm or 20cm above LN2 for 15-30min and then inunrsed in tap warer (7- 11℃) hll melting. The survival rate and hme were 80%- 90% and apprxiInately 3h,respechvely. Fresh eggs could be fertilized by cryopreserved spermatozoa and the fenilization rate and hatohery at were 85%-95% and 70%-85%, respechvely.