20世纪西方战争文学中的“毁坏”意识

The "Destruction" Consciousness of the Twentieth Century Western War Literature

在20世纪西方战争文学中,大多没有了传统的英雄叙事品格,无论是在战场上还是在战争结束的和平生活中,无论是死难者还是幸存者,到处显露的是生命与灵魂的被毁坏,"毁坏"意识已然代替了英雄主义题旨。现代作家站在战争之上审视战争本身,在毁灭性经验中反思人类理性和文明的本质,质问传统文化的价值。因此20世纪的西方战争文学实质上成为地道的"反战文学"。这是20世纪有关人类争端的新认识,也是人类文明史上一个鲜明的纪念。可以说,"反战文学"已经成为20世纪西方文化的一个独特的组成部分,是西方文学史上沉重的伤痕之花,从一个侧面折射出西方传统文化信念和现代人的裂解痛苦。

Most of the 20th century western war literary works have lost traditional hero narrative character,in which the damaged life and soul are displayed everywhere in the descriptions of victims,survivors,the peaceful life at the end of the war and the battlefield.The consciousness of 'destruction' has replaced the theme of heroism.As modern writers,they meditate on the war itself while standing above the war,rethink the human rationality and the essence of the civilization with the experience of devastation,and question the value of traditional culture.Therefore,the 20th century western war literature has essentially become an authentic 'anti-war literature',which not only reflects a new understanding of human disputes in the twentieth century but also is a vivid reminder of the history of human civilization.It can be said that the 'anti-war literature',a flower with scar in the western literature,has become a unique part of the western culture in the 20th century,reflecting from a unique side the pain splitting the western traditional cultural beliefs and the people in modern society.