人车碰撞及其保护行为仿真研究

Study on Car-Pedestrian Collision and Pedestrian Protection Based on Computer Simulation

研究行人体型在人车碰撞事故中对关键部位损伤程度的影响规律,针对保护行人安全,建立碰撞力学模型,以多刚体接触动力学为基础,提出进行受撞变形研究,采用ADAMS软件对轿车分别与中国5、50、95百分位三种不同体型男性成年行人的碰撞过程进行仿真。仿真结果表明,随着行人体型的增大,对头部、胸部和下肢的损伤风险都依次增大,而且头部与轿车前端碰撞的位置和时间都依次往后推移。从结论中可以看出,应对轿车外置安全气囊,根据不同型体在轿车前端安装合理位置,可有效地起到保护行人的安全作用。

Based on the multi-body dynamics method,simulation models of 5-percentile,50-percentile,and 95-percentile pedestrian hit by a car are built with ADAMS.The results shows the pedestrian with larger stature has more risk of injuries to the head,chest and lower extremities.The concludes recommend that the protection airbags should be installed at the reasonable position in front the cars according the body types.