生境等价分析在溢油生态损害评估中的应用

Applications of habitat equivalency analysis in ecological damage assessment of oil spill incident

生境等价分析是美国国家大气与海洋局在自然资源损害评估中的常用方法之一,但在我国鲜有应用.本文基于生境等价分析的理论研究,结合我国在溢油事故中的评估实践,将该方法改进后,应用于溢油生态损害评估中生境价值的计算.以我国某海域溢油事故的相关数据资料为依据,运用该方法计算修复受损生境的工程规模,并引入生态服务当量因子对各生境进行转化,最终实现了溢油生态损害评估中生境的价值化.

Habitat equivalency analysis（HEA） is one of the methods commonly used by U.S.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in natural resources damage assessment,but rarely applied in China.Based on the theory of HEA and the assessment practices of domestic oil spill incidents,a modification on the HEA was made in this paper,and applied to calculate the habitat value in oil spill incidents.According to the data collected from an oil spill incident in China,the modified HEA was applied in a case study to scale the compensatory-restoration.By introducing the ecological service equivalent factor to transfer various habitats,it was achieved to value of the injured habitats in ecological damage assessment of oil spill incident.