中国自然垄断产业竞争模式选择与设计研究--以电力、电信、民航产业为例

Study on Competition Mode Selection and Design of Natural Monopoly Industry in China——Example of Electricity,Telecommunication and Civil Aviation

竞争模式改革是自然垄断产业系统改革的基础。竞争模式包括企业数量、规模差异以及相互之间关系等三个方面。本文系统研究了规模经济性、市场容量、国际竞争力提升、经济效率、企业间规模差异、企业间竞争关系等因素对我国自然垄断产业竞争模式的影响机理。研究发现,构建5家以上多种所有制有机构成的规模相当的综合运营商进行垄断竞争格局是我国自然垄断产业竞争模式改革的必然选择。同时,提出对在位国有垄断运营企业进行拆分、培育新的进入者特别是省级控股的地方国有企业、数网竞争与大力发展替代品等三种构建有效竞争模式的路径。

Competition mode reform is the basis of reform of natural monopoly industry. Competition mode include number of firms, size difference and competition relationship. This paper study six factors which influence the natural monopoly industry＇s competition mode： economies of scale, the market capacity, international competitiveness, economic efficiency, size difference and competition relationship. We find that market structure including more than 5 operators which will have almost same size and different property rights is the optimal choice of China＇s natural monopoly industry. We bring forward three suggestion to build the competition mode such as spliting the incumbent operator, fostering new entrants especially local government owned SOE, developing alternatives.