microRNA与胎盘发育关系的研究进展

Advances in the Relationship between microRNA and Placental Development

microRNA(miRNA)是一类大小约22nt的内源性非编码RNA,它们通过剪切靶基因的转录产物或抑制靶基因转录产物的翻译,在转录后起到调控靶基因表达的作用。大量研究结果表明,动物体内的miRNA参与了胚胎的早期发育、脑和神经发育、心脏发育、肌肉及骨骼发育等动物发育的各个方面。已有证据表明,一些miRNA在胎盘中特异表达,在胎盘的正常发育过程中起到了重要作用。作者对参与胎盘发育的miRNAs进行了综述。

miRNAs are a kind of endogenous,non-coding RNA of about 22 nucleotides in length,which can regulate the target gene expression at post-transcriptional level by trimming the transcript or repressing the translation.Plenty of studies showed that miRNAs in animals played important roles in animal developmental process,such as early embryonic development,brain and neurological development,cardiac development,bone and muscle development and so on.There are evidences demonstrating that some miRNAs are specifically expressed in placenta and play an important role in placental normal development.Therefore,we gave a key reference to miRNAs involved in placental development in this article.