新城疫病毒囊膜糖蛋白生物学特性的研究进展

Advances of Research on Biological Characterization of Envelope Glycoproteins in Newcastle Disease Virus

新城疫是当今全球范围内最严重的禽类传染病之一。其病原新城疫病毒是单股负链RNA病毒,编码NP、P、M、F、HN和L 6种结构蛋白,其中最主要的是位于囊膜上的F和HN两种糖蛋白。F蛋白具有使病毒囊膜与宿主细胞膜融合,致使病毒穿入宿主细胞膜的作用,是决定病毒毒力的关键因子;HN蛋白具有血凝素和神经氨酸酶两种活性,这两种活性对于NDV侵染细胞具有重要的作用。这两种糖蛋白不仅对NDV的毒力及致病性方面起着决定性作用,而且也是诱导产生保护性抗体的蛋白。作者主要对这两种蛋白的结构与功能作一概述。

Newcastle disease is one of the most serious infectious disease of poultry in present worldwide.Newcastle disease virus（NDV） has a negative-sense,single-stranded RNA genome,encoding six structural proteins that NP,P,M,F,HN and L,which are located in the peplos both F and HN glycoproteins are the most important.F protein with the role of the virus envelope and host cell membrane fusion,resulting in the virus penetrates the host cell membrane,is key factor to determine the virulence.HN protein with two active of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase,which has an important role to NDV infection cells.The two glycoproteins are not only play a decisive role to the virulence and pathogenicity of NDV,but also introduce protective antibody.The paper provides a review of the structure and function of this two proteins.