工业制品出口结构变化及其原因的实证研究——基于要素禀赋和环境属性的双重视角

An Empirical Study on the Export Structure Change of Industrial Products and the Reasons—Based on the Dual Perspective of Factor Endowment and Environmental Properties

平均而言,中国属于劳动密集型和废水轻污染产品出口国,出口结构朝资本密集化和清洁化方向转变。相关研究的综合分析表明,理论上要素禀赋及价格、技术、环境政策和贸易自由化程度是影响一国出口结构的主因。中国工业制品出口结构影响因素的实证检验显示,劳动要素抑制劳动密集型行业出口而促进其他类型行业出口,增加投资和扩大开放抑制各类行业出口,提高劳动报酬促进各类行业出口,环境政策和技术因素影响甚微。最后,相应提出促进出口结构升级和清洁化的就业、收入分配、技术、环境、贸易和投资等组合政策建议。

Averagely speaking,China belongs to export countries of labor intensive and wastewater light polluted-products,and its export structure has been changing towards capital intensified and clarified direction.Comprehensive analysis on relative researches shows that factor endowment and price,technique,environmental policy and the extent of trade liberalization are main reasons which affect export structure.The empirical examination on Chinese industrial export structure shows that labor factors restrict the export of labor intensive industries while promoting the export of other industries;investment increase and further opening up restrict the export of different industries;improving labor payment promotes the export of different industries,and environmental policy and technical factors has little influence on the export.Finally,a series of policy suggestions are proposed on upgrading and clarifying the export structure,employment,income allocation,technique,environment,trade and investment.