大鼠脑死亡模型的建立及相关实验研究

Establishment and related experimental study of rat brain death model

目的:应用颅内高压法建立大鼠脑死亡模型,并将爆发式和渐进式颅内高压脑死亡模型进行比较。方法:SD大鼠60只,随机分为对照组(A组)20只、爆发式脑死亡组(B组)20只和渐进式脑死亡组(C组)20只,在呼吸机维持下,生物机能实验系统监测大鼠脑死亡状态6 h,实验过程中监测动脉压及心率的变化,并比较手术成功率。结果:脑死亡组诱导成功32只,诱导后期动脉压及心率骤然升高后,又逐渐下降,其中B组急剧下降,幅度明显,有5只因动脉压过低剔除研究,而C组下降幅度缓慢;与A组比较,脑死亡组谷值和峰值时动脉压及心率的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),手术成功率B组70%(14/20)小于C组90%(18/20)。结论:应用颅内高压法能成功建立稳定可靠的大鼠脑死亡模型,其中渐进式颅内高压脑死亡模型有更高的手术成功率。

Objective：To establish the brain death model in rats by increasing intracranial pressure（ICP） and to compare the explosive brain death model with gradual brain death model induced under ICP.Methods：A total of 60 rats were randomized to control group（group A,20 cases）,explosive brain death group（group B,20 cases） and gradual brain death group（group C,20 cases）.Supporting by respirator,brain death state was maintained for 6 h.The change of arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored in the experimental process by the biological functions experimental system.Then we compared the success rate of operation.Results：32 cases in the brain death group were induced successfully.Arterial pressure and heart rate were increased sharply in the late period of induction,then decreased by degrees.In group B,the arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased sharply with obvious amplitude,and there were five rats removed from the research because of their too low arterial pressure.But in group C,the arterial pressure and heart rate were decreased slowly.Compared with group A,the peak and trough values of brain death group′s had statistical difference（P0.05）.The success rate of operation in group B was 70%（14/20）,which less than 90%（18/20） of group C.Conclusion：The stable and reliable model of brain death in rats could be established by increasing ICP,and the gradual brain death induction under ICP had a higher success rate of operation.