维生素K和钙对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松的影响

Preventive effect of vitamin K and calcium on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rat

切除雌鼠双侧卵巢以造成骨快速丢失作为模拟女性绝经后骨质疏松症的动物模型，从骨计量学、骨生物力学等方面综合观察单纯补充维生素Ｋ（９０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）、钙（５ｇ／ｋｇ）及两者联合作用６个月对骨丢失的影响。结果发现：与正常对照组（Ａ）大鼠相比，模型对照组（Ｂ）大鼠骨量显著减少，骨脆性增加。与模型对照组相比，单纯补充维生素Ｋ组（Ｄ） 股骨中点骨密度值显著提高，股骨干骺端及腰椎骨密度、股骨近侧端矿物质含量都有增高趋势，表明补充维生素Ｋ 可在一定程度上减少骨丢失；同时补充维生素Ｋ及钙组（Ｅ）股骨的最大挠度与最大应变值，与模型对照组相比也有增高趋势，表明补充维生素Ｋ可提高骨的柔韧性，改善股骨的力学性能。综合骨计量学与骨力学观察结果，发现各种实验措施对密质骨的效果皆优于松质骨，并且维生素Ｋ与钙的联合作用效果优于单纯补充维生素Ｋ 或钙。本实验结果提示：绝经后妇女，作为骨质疏松危险人群，增加膳食维生素Ｋ

Ovariectomized female Wistar rats[(170±15)g]were treated with vitamin K 1 or/and calcium for 6 months,in order to study the effect of vitamin K or/and calcium supplementation on the prevention of osteoporosis.Vitamin K 1(90mg/kg)or/and calcium(5g/kg)were added to a semisynthetic basal diet (VK 50μg/kg,Ca5g/kg).The findings of the study were as follows:Vitamin K 1 treatment led to a significant increase of bone mineral density of the femoral diaphysis and lumbar spine,and bone ash content of the proximal one third of the femur shaft.The results suggestted that vitamin K 1 could,to some extent,prevent the fast bone loss and the femoral fragility induced by ovariectomy.Regarding the parameters of bone metrology and biomechanics,the effect of vitamin K 1 combined with calcium on the prevention of osteoporosis is better than that of vitamin K 1 or calcium alone,and the treatments with VK and Ca had beter effects on femur than lumbar spine.The present study indicates that for postmenopausal women,as a risk population of osteoporosis,to increase their dietary intake of vitamin K and calcium maight be helpful.