镇江市2003-2008年流动儿童新生儿破伤风监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of migrant children's neonatal tetanus in Zhenjiang city during 2003-2008

目的：分析镇江市流动儿童新生儿破伤风（neonatal tetanus,NNT）流行病学特征,为消除NNT提供科学依据。方法：利用描述流行病学方法分析镇江市2003-2008年流动儿童NNT监测资料。结果：镇江市2003-2008年NNT平均发病率0.19‰,其中流动儿童中NNT发病率1.50‰,病死率36.36%;NNT发病率总体呈下降趋势,但相隔4年有一个相对高峰期;病例散在分布,无明显地区聚集性,其患儿主要来自于四川,云南,贵州;男女性别比为1.44：1;在家分娩占86.36%;母亲均无破伤风类毒素（tetanus toxoid,TT）接种史。结论：非住院分娩与未进行TT免疫是流动儿童发生NNT的主要危险因素;加大对流动儿童传染病监测、干预的力度,才能彻底消除非高危地区NNT疫情。

Objective：To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal tetanus（NNT） among migrant children in Zhenjiang city to provide the scientific basis for the elimination of NNT.Methods：The descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the migrant children＇s monitoring data of NNT in Zhenjiang city during 2003-2008.Results：During 2003-2008 in Zhenjiang,the average incidence of NNT was 0.19/1000 live births（‰）,in which the migrant children＇s incidence of NNT was 1.50 ‰,the mortality rate was 36.36%;the incidence of NNT showed the downward trend overall,but separated by 4 years there was a relative peak;cases were scattered,no obvious regional clustering;the children mainly came from Sichuan,Yunnan and Guizhou;the ratio of male to female was 1.44：1;the home deliveries accounted for 86.36%;mothers all had no tetanus toxoid（TT） vaccination history.Conclusion：Non-hospital deliveries and no TT immunization are the major risk factors of NNT in floating population;strengthening the surveillance and intervention of infectious disease in floating population can eliminate NNT epidemic in non-high-risk areas completely.