六价铬男性生殖毒性的初步探讨

Studies on Male Reproductive Toxicity Caused by Hexavalent Chromium

目的 探讨六价铬的男性生殖毒性。方法 采用职业流行病学调查与相关实验室检查相结合的方法观察铬作业男工精液、精子形态，测定精浆锌、血铬、精浆铬、黄体生成激素（ＬＨ） 和促卵泡成熟激素（ＦＳＨ） 的改变。结果 铬作业（ＣｒＯ３Ｘ＝ ０ ．０１９ ５ ｍｇ／ｍ３） 男工组精子数（５２ ．２１ ±４５ ．５１） ×１０９／Ｌ，显著低于对照组（８８ ．９６ ±７４ ．８２） ×１０９／Ｌ，精浆锌（４ ８１１ ．８５ ±１ ４０１ ．８８） μｍｏｌ／Ｌ显著低于对照组（５ ７１８ ．４９ ±２ ８２７ ．９０） μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＦＳＨ（７ ．３４ ±６ ．８８） ＩＵ／Ｌ 明显高于对照组（２ ．４１ ±１ ．６９） ＩＵ／Ｌ。两组液化异常率、血铬、血清ＬＨ、精浆铬含量等差异无显著性。接触较高浓度铬化物（ＣｒＯ３Ｘ＝ ０ ．２３５ １ ｍｇ／ｍ３）男工（ 电镀工） 的精子畸形率０ ．２４ ±０ ．０９ ，ＬＨ（７ ．９４ ±２ ．６７） ＩＵ／Ｌ，ＦＳＨ（９ ．３３ ±６ ．４７） ＩＵ／Ｌ；接触较低浓度铬化物（ＣｒＯ３Ｘ＝ ０ ．０１７ ２ ｍｇ／ｍ３） 男工（ 配料喷砂工） 的精子畸形率０ ．１７ ±０ ．０６ ，ＬＨ（５ ．０５ ±３ ．０５） ＩＵ／Ｌ，ＦＳＨ（３ ．７４ ±３ ．０４?

Objective To study male reproductive toxicity caused by hexavalent chromium (Cr Ⅵ+ ). Methods Morphology of semen and spermatozoa was observed and chromium level in blood, chromium and zinc level in sperm plasma, leuteinizing hormone(LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in serum were determined for male workers exposed to (Cr Ⅵ+ )(CrO 3X=0.019 5 mg/m 3)with occupational epidemiologic investigation and laboratory analysis. Results For the exposed workers, their seminal counting was (52.21±45.51)×10 9/L, and zinc level in seminal plasma (4 811.85±1 401.88) μmol/L, significantly lower than those in controls (88.96±74.82)×10 9/L and (5 718.49±2 827.90) μmol/L, respectively, P <0.05. Serum FSH was (7.34± 6.88) IU/L in the exposed groups, significantly higher than that of controls (2.41±1.69) IU/L, P <0.01. There were no significant difference in semen volume, semen liquefaction time, prevalence of teratospermia, serum Cr Ⅵ+ and LH level in seminal plasma between exposed group and control group ( P >0.05). Prevalence of teratospermia was 0.24±0.09, and serum LH and FSH were(7.94±2.67)IU/L and FSH (9.33±6.47) IU/L, respectively, in workers exposed to high concentration of Cr Ⅵ+ (CrO 3X=0.235 1 mg/m 3) significantly higher than those exposed to lower concentration of Cr Ⅵ+ (CrO 3X=0.017 2 mg/m 3),with 0.17±0.06 of prevalence of teratospermia, (5.05±3.05) IU/L of LH, and (3.74±3.04) IU/L of FSH, respectively ( P <0.05). Conclusion The results suggested that damage to convoluted seminiferous tubules epithelium, reduction of spermatozoa formation and increase in prevalence of teratospermia could be caused by exposure to certain concentration of Cr Ⅵ+ .