流动采血护士的职业暴露状况与护理干预

Research on occupational exposure of fluent blood--taking nurses and precautionary interventions

目的：掌握流动采血护士的职业暴露现状并讨论针对性干预措施。方法：自制调查问卷，对32例流动采血护士过去一年的职业暴露情况进行回顾性调查，同时进行流动采血车负责人关键人物访谈。结果：针刺伤、血液接触、接触血液污染物品的暴露强度分别为2．1次、4．8次、3．7次；暴露原因依次为个体防范意识不高（45．0％）、管理措施不到位（36．5％）、采血技能欠熟练（26．2％）、传染病防治知识淡化（22．4％）；职业暴露后未处置、处置不到位、处置到住的比例分别为33．2％、46．2％、20．6％。结论：流动采血护士职业暴露问题较为突出；有必要加强综合性护理干预措施应对职业暴露。

Objective：To comprehend current situation of occupational exposure of fluent blood--taking nurses,and to discuss ori- entiert counter measures. Methods：Respective survey is conducted to 32 fluent blood--taking nurses through self--made question- naire,and key person interview is also conducted to charger of flowing blood--drawing vehicles. Results： Intensity of exposure to nee- dling ,to blood contacting, and to blood contaminating devises is 2.1,4.8,3.7 respectively. Reasons for exposure are orderly less con- cern for exposure（45.0 %）, non-- available controlling measures （36.5% ）, unskilled blood-- drawing （26.2 %）, knowledge desalting of contaminating diseases（22.4%）. Not disposing, improper disposing and proper disposing are taking proportion of 33. 2%, 46. 2 %,50. 6 %respectively. Conclusion：Occupational exposure situation of fluent blood--taking nurses is serious and multiple nursing interventions are needed strengthening.