鼻咽癌调强放疗患者放射性口腔黏膜炎发生的主要相关因素分析

Investigation on the related factors for oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with intensity modulated radiotherapy

目的:分析鼻咽癌患者在调强放疗中发生放射性口腔黏膜炎的主要相关因素,探索个体化的临床护理措施,降低放射性口腔黏膜炎的发生率。方法:将150例鼻咽癌调强放疗患者作为研究对象,观察并记录患者每周用药情况、口腔情况、口腔pH值、体重、睡眠情况等12项指标,对观察指标进行统计分析。结果:患者发生放射性口腔黏膜炎100%,Ⅱ度及以上口腔黏膜炎占81%。经统计发现,营养、吸烟、口腔卫生情况、口腔pH值、抗生素的使用、化疗是影响放射性口腔黏膜炎发生的主要相关因素。结论:分析影响放射性口腔黏膜炎发生的主要相关因素,有利于指导临床护理工作,减轻患者痛苦,提高患者的生活质量。

Abstract： Objective：To study correlated factors of oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with intensity modulated radiotherapy, in order to standard particular nursing steps and reduce the incidence of serious radiogenic stomatitis. Methods：One hundred and fifty patients were investigated and 12 indexes were analyzed by ~2 text. Results：All the patients suffered oral mucositis, I1 and above oral mucositis were about 81%. Single factor analysis found that nutrition, smoking, dental heath, oral pH, antibiotics using and chemotherapy were correlated with oral mucositis. Conclusion：Attention should be paid to the patients receiving intensity modulated radiotherapy especially with smoking, antibiotics using and chemotherapy. Preventive nursing during radiogenic or after radiogenic should be strengthened to reduce the incidence and severity of oral mucositis.