上海市北蔡镇老年人体质量指数与社区常见慢性病的关系探讨

Relationship between chronic non-communicable diseases and body mass index among the elderly in Beicai Town of Shanghai

目的了解上海市北蔡镇老年人群体质量指数(BMI)与社区常见慢性病患病率的关系,为慢性病的预防提供参考依据。方法采用问卷方式调查常见慢性病患病及治疗,通过研究对象回忆25岁时的身高、体重,计算出25岁时BMI,分为低体重组、体重正常组与超重组。测量老年人目前的身高、体重,计算出目前BMI,分为体重正常组、超重组、肥胖组。使用美国GE公司双能X线骨密度仪对腰椎和左股骨近端进行骨密度测定。结果 25岁时BMI分组,骨质疏松症和糖尿病的患病率3组具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。目前BMI分组,骨质疏松症和高血压的患病率3组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上海市北蔡镇老年人骨质疏松症、高血压和糖尿病的患病率与BMI关系密切,建议从青少年至老年人均应合理营养,合理控制体重,坚持适当的体育活动,保持良好的BMI。

Objective To investigate the relationship between body mass index（BMI） and the incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases（CNCD） among the elderly residents in Beicai Town of Shanghai in order to provide information useful for CNCD prevention.Methods A questionnaire survey on the incidence and therapy of CNCD among the elderly was conducted. The subjects were interviewed to collect the height and the body mass recall information at age of 25 years.They were then divided into 3 groups according to the body mass index（BMI） at age of 25 years：underweight,normal weight and overweight groups.The current BMI was also calculated and the subjects were divided again into 3 groups：normal weight,overweight and obese group.Their bone mineral density（BMD） of lumber vertebra and left proximal femur were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry （DXA）.Results There were significant differences in the incidence of osteoporosis and diabetes among underweight,normal weight and overweight groups at age of 25 years（P0.05）.There were significant differences in the incidence of osteoporosis and hypertension among normal weight,overweight and obese group divided on the basis of current information（P0.05）.Conclusion There is a close relation between BMI and the incidence of osteoporosis,hypertension and diabetes in the elderly residents at Beicai Town of Shanghai.We propose that everyone,from adolescents to the elderly,should keep a good nutrition status,control body weight,and practice appropriate physical activities to maintain BMI within a satisfactory range.