接触氯乙烯对淋巴细胞DNA损伤及微核率的研究

Studies on DNA damage and micronucleus in peripheral lymphocytes in workers exposed to vinyl chloride

目的 探索低浓度氯乙烯对外周血淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 损伤效应。方法 以呼吸带氯乙烯平均浓度低于和高于国家最高容许浓度的作业工人为低浓度组（８５ 例） 和高浓度组（７５ 例） ， 不接触氯乙烯的１００ 名健康工人为对照组， 应用单细胞微量凝胶电泳技术和微核试验测定淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤程度。结果 高、低浓度组工人淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 平均迁移距离分别为 （４８－７ ±８－６）μｍ 和（３４－８ ±５－９） μｍ ； 微核率分别为８－８２ ‰和３－１２ ‰， 与对照组相比及高低浓度组之间相比差异有非常显著意义 （ Ｐ＜ ０－０１） 。结论 接触低浓度氯乙烯可引起淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 损伤， 单细胞微量凝胶电泳技术可作为检测低浓度ＶＣ 职业危害的早期客观指标。

Objective To study effects of low concentration vinyl chloride(VC) on DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes.Methods Workers in plastic industry were divided based on their exposure level,85 exposed to VC in workshop at a concentration lower than maximal allowable concentration (MAC) set in the national standards as a low-level group,75 exposed to VC higher than MAC as high level group,and 100 unexposed as healthy control group.DNA damage in lymphocytes was determined with single cell microgel electrophoresis and micronucleus test.Results Average migration distance of DNA in lymphocytes was(48 7±8 6)μm and(34 8±5 9)μm and micronucleus rate was 8 82‰ and 3 12‰ in high level and low level groups,respectively,with significant difference between them and all significantly different from those in control group(P<0 01).Conclusion Exposure to low-level VC could cause DNA damage in lymphocytes,and that single cell microgel electrophoresis technique can be used as an objective indicator to detect early occupational hazard caused by low level VC.