改进双层积雪模型在澜沧江上游的应用

The Application of the Improved Double Layer Snow-melting Model in the Upstream of the Lancang River

采用改进的双层积雪模型,以澜沧江上游积雪区为例进行了模型的应用,并从模型原理、模型适用条件、模拟效果等方面与传统的度日模型进行了对比分析。结果表明:以能量平衡和质量平衡为基础的双层积雪模型,在融雪物理机制上更加完善;模型不仅能模拟积雪区融雪产流量,还能模拟融雪过程中冠层对降雪的截留量、蒸发中的汽化和升华损失量、冠层对地面的二次降水量、积雪层中融雪水再结冰量等各个子物理过程;通过对双层积雪模型的改进,使融雪产流模拟结果更符合实际情况,可为寒区冰雪水文过程的研究提供借鉴。

This paper describes the use of improved double-layer snow-melting model on snowpack of upper Lancang River,and a comparative analysis is made of the degree-day model on model,the applicability of the model and simulation results.The results show that the double-layer snow-melting model based on energy balance and mass balance is more reasonable in snowmelt mechanism.The model can not only simulate the runoff yield of the snowmelt,but also the sub-processes such as snow interception and twice precipitation by canopy,the loss of vaporization and sublimation,and the refreeze of the snowmelt.After the improvement of the model,the simulation results accord with reality better than before.It can provide a reference for the research on snow hydrology.