云南高原湖库浮游细菌的生态分布及其影响因素

The Ecological Distribution of Bacterioplankton and Its Influencing Factors in the Yunnan Plateau Lakes

2009年秋季,对我国西南云贵高原8个处于不同营养水平的湖泊和水库的浮游细菌进行了调查,分析了浮游细菌的分布特征及其与温度、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、正磷酸盐(PO4-P)、氨氮(NH4-N)、硝氮(NO3-N)、化学需氧量(CODMn)和叶绿素a(Chl.a)的相关性。结果表明,8个湖库的浮游细菌数量存在明显差异,异龙湖最高,平均值为5.66×109个/L,阳宗海最低,平均值为2.25×109个/L,从大到小依次为:异龙湖>草甸海>松花坝水库>白沙河水库>月湖>松茂水库>石龙坝>阳宗海。对阳宗海4个点位的研究发现,同一湖泊内浮游细菌的数量存在空间异质性,沿岸带明显大于湖心区。浮游细菌数量与水温、总氮、总磷、叶绿素a均呈极显著性相关(P<0.01),表明上述因子可能是浮游细菌分布的主要限制因子。

The distributions of bacterioplankton from eight lakes and reservoirs in Yunnan plateau southwest China were investigated in autumn 2009.Synchronously,authors analyzed the correlation between the abundance of bacterioplankton and ecological factors including temperature（T）,total nitrogen（TN）,total phosphorus（TP）,orthophosphate（PO4-P）,ammonia（NH4-N）,nitrate（NO3-N）,chemical oxygen demand（CODMn）and chlorophyll a （Chl.a）.The results showed that the abundances of bacterioplankton were significantly different in the eight lakes and reservoirs.The highest abundance of bacterioplankton was detected in lake Yilong with average abundance 5.66×109cells/L;the lowest was in lake Yangzonghai and its average abundance of bacteria was 2.25×109cells/L.The bacteria abundances of other lakes were decreasing in the order of lake Caodianhai,Songhuaba reservoir,Baishahe reservoir,lake Yuehu,Songmao reservoir,lake Shilongba.The abundance of bacterioplankton from Lake Yangzonghai in costal location was significantly higher than that in the central zone,and this result suggested that the distribution of bacterioplankton had spatial heterogeneity in the same lake. This study also indicated that bacterioplankton abundance showed a significant positive correlation （P0.01） with temperature,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and chlorophyll,which suggested that these factors might be the main limiting factors of bacterioplankton in this region.