生态系统健康:理论/概念与评价方法

Ecosystem Health:Theory,Concept and Assessment Methods

生态系统健康研究是目前生态与环境领域兴起的研究热点之一。在阅读和分析大量国内外文献的基础上,系统总结了健康和生态系统健康的概念,指出引入生态系统健康概念的目的是要得到一个重要生态指标清单,以此开展生态系统健康评价。然后,总结出生态系统健康评价的3种主要方法:指示物种法、指标体系法和指示区域法,并以代表实例阐述了此3种方法的使用。最后指出生态系统健康面临的争议与挑战,如生态系统健康的概念、健康标准或参考状态等,以及需要进一步探讨的问题。

Ecosystem health is a new research topic in the field of ecology and environment science.Firstly,based on the understanding and analysis of a lots of literature both at home and abroad,this article entirely summarizes the evolvement of the concept of health from mankind to ecosystem and aims at obtaining the assessment criteria of ecosystem health.Then,the article proposes the concept and applicaiton of three kinds of main research methods about ecosystem health assessment：① indicator species,② indicator system,and ③ indicator area.Finally,this article provides some focus challenging and controversial topics of ecosystem health and the major issues which need further discussion in the future.