促红细胞生成素在铅镉联合胁迫致雏鸡贫血中的作用

Roles of Erythropoietin in Chicken Anemia Induced by Lead and Cadmium

为研究促红细胞生成素(EPO)在铅镉联合胁迫致雏鸡贫血中的作用,选用60只7日龄公雏鸡,平均分为对照组、铅组、镉组和铅镉组,每日经口灌服染毒,分别于第1、3、7天染毒后,检测雏鸡血液学指标和网织红细胞数量,并进行骨髓象的观察及红细胞膜ATP酶活性、红细胞渗透脆性和血清EPO含量的检测。结果表明铅镉单独染毒使雏鸡发生贫血,网织红细胞数量先增加后降低,骨髓象增生先活跃后受抑制,红细胞膜Na+-K+-ATPase、Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活性降低,红细胞渗透脆性增加,血清EPO含量先增加后降低,铅镉联合染毒也表现出上述变化,且较单独染毒组变化明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。本研究证实铅、镉单独及联合染毒均可引起雏鸡发生贫血,贫血类型主要为再生障碍性和溶血性贫血,且铅与镉存在显著的协同效应;EPO参与了铅镉联合胁迫致雏鸡的贫血作用。

The purpose of this experiment was to study on the roles of erythropoietin（EPO） in chicken anemia induced by lead and cadmium.Sixty 7-day old chickens,which were administered daily per os,were divided into 4 groups： the control group,the lead group,the cadmium group and the lead-cadmium group.In the 1st,3rd,7th day,we tested the hematological parameters and the reticulocyte count,observed the image of bone marrow,meantime we also detected the erythrocyte membrane ATPase activity,the RBC osmotic fragility and the blood serum EPO content,respectively.The results showed that either lead or cadmium alone could induce anemia in chickens,firstly the reticulocyte count increased,bone marrow hyperplasied,but then the reticulocyte count decreased,bone marrow hyperplasy restrained,both the erythrocyte membrane Na＋-K＋-ATPase and Ca2＋-Mg2＋-ATPase activities decreased,the RBC osmotic fragility increased,while the content of EPO firstly increased and then decreased.Moreover the combined toxicity group had the same but more remarkable toxic effects than the single toxicity groups（P0.01 or P0.05）.It is suggested that lead and cadmium alone or combined all could cause aplastic anemia and hemolytic anemia in chicken,and have synergic effects with both lead and cadmium,which indicated that EPO participated in the chicken anemia induced by lead and cadmium.