《药对》药物君臣佐使考略

Investigation on monarch,minister,adjuvant and dispatcher herbs of Herb Pairs

《证类本草》"诸病通用药"转引《药对》中药物,明确君、臣、使地位者242种,即君药64种、臣药117种、使药61种,执行《本草经》三品定君臣佐使之法者178种。《药对》药物君臣地位均预先明确,比较稳定;《药对》论列君、臣和使药,未及佐药,可能沿袭了《素问》和《本草经》对佐使药相提并论的认识;《药对》未能全面信守《素问》"主病之谓君"的说法,诸药皆从主病确定君、臣、使地位,此间由主证确定药物地位的思维方法尚未形成。《药对》君臣使内容和义蕴与《方剂学》君臣佐使法则迥然不同。

Introduce the concept of ＇interchangeable medicine for all illness＇ in Classified Materia Medica into Herb Pairs to define 242 monarch,minister,adjuvant and dispatcher drugs.That is,64 monarch,117 minister,61 dispatcher.Among them,there are 178 based on three grades of medicines in Classic of Meteria Medica.In Herb Pairs,monarch and minister medicine is relative stabilization as a result of definitude in advance.Meanwhile,it doesn＇t mention adjuvant medicine,perhaps following the viewpoint in Plain Questions and Classic of Meteria Medica.Furthermore,Herb Pairs mentains an opinion that not ＇monarch medicine responds main disease＇ in Plain Questions but all illness should be treated by monarch,minister and dispatcher medicine according to the main disease.During this period of time,the thinking method of choosing medicine by main symptoms doesn＇t shape.Certainly,the content and meaning of monarch,minister and dispatcher in Herb Pairs is absolutely different with the law of monarch,minister,adjuvant and dispatcher in Prescription.