内镜在溃疡性结肠炎诊治中的作用

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis

溃疡性结肠炎是一种病因尚未明确的肠道非特异性炎症性疾病,病情可反复发作、迁延不愈,其临床表现无特异性.目前溃疡性结肠炎的诊断是基于临床表现、内镜、组织学等检查,尚无诊断的金标准.内镜在溃疡性结肠炎的诊治中占有重要的地位,对该病的诊断、疾病活动性、癌变监测以及治疗均有重要意义.近年来超声内镜、放大色素内镜、窄谱内镜及激光共聚焦显微内镜等新的内镜技术为溃疡性结肠炎的诊治开阔了新的天地.本文就内镜在溃疡性结肠炎诊治中的应用进行综述.

Ulcerative colitis （UC）, one of non-specific chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with unknown complex etiology, is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by diffuse mucosal inflammation of the colorectum with exacerbations and remissions. Nowadays, the diagnosis of UC is based mainly on symptoms, endoscopic findings, and histopathologic grading of biopsy specimens. However, there is a lack of a gold standard for the diagnosis of UC. Endoscopy is the cornerstone for diagnosis and evaluation of UC and plays a significant role in diagnosis, evaluating disease activity, malignancy surveillance and treatment. Over recent decades, the emergence of new imaging techniques, including endoscopic ultraonography, chromoendoscopy, magnification endoscopy, narrow-band endoscopic imaging, and laser scanning confocal microendoscopy, has provided a great boost to endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of UC. In this article, we will review the recent advances in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of UC.