紫贻贝消化系统的组织学和组织化学研究

HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF MYTILUS EDULIS LINNAEUS

对紫贻贝消化系统进行了组织学和组织化学研究。紫贻贝消化系统由消化腺──肝胰腺和消化道──食道、胃（包括晶杆囊）、肠和直肠组成。消化腺为复管腺，腺上皮有消化细胞和嗜碱性细胞两种类型。消化道管壁由粘膜层、粘膜下层和外膜组成，无肌层。粘膜上皮主要为单层柱状纤毛细胞。组织化学研究表明：消化腺嗜碱性细胞富含蛋白质和RNA，消化细胞富含脂类和多种酶类：蛋白酶、非特异性酯酶、脂酶、酸性磷酸酶及碱性磷酸酶。消化道中酶的种类及活性低于消化腺。

Histological and Histochemical studies on digestive system of Mytilus edulis were reported in this paper. The digestive system of Mytilus edulis consists of digestive gland and digestive tract-esophagus, stomach(including style sac), intestine and rectum. The digestive gland is a compound tubular gland having two kinds of cells:digestive cells and basophilic cells. The wall of the digestive tract is made of three layers:tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa and tunica serosa, no muscular layer. Most of the epithelia are ciliated columnar cells. Histochemical studies show the basophilic cells in the gland contain abundant protein and RNA. The digestive cells contain lipid and many kinds of enzymes:non-specific esterase,acid phosphatase, proteinase, lipase and alkaline phosphatase. But the kinds and the activity of enzymes are less and weaker than that in the digestive gland.