摘要
英国在1979—1997年撒切尔夫人执政期间,对水务行业进行了全面的私有化改革。改革以立法为基础,通过颁布一系列相关法律,奠定了水务行业私有化的基础,明确了水务监管机构的法律地位,界定了监管机构的职责权限、监管内容、监管目标和监管程序,通过多年实践逐步建立了由立法、执法和社会监督组成的"三位一体"管制框架,建立并完善了一整套与市场化机制相适应的水法体系、水务行业监管体制和水价形成机制。尤其是其RPI—X价格管制机制,将价格调整与激励企业改进生产效率有机地结合起来,得到世界各国的广泛关注和学习。回顾英国水务行业10多年私有化改革历程,借鉴其经验和教训,对于我国水务行业,乃至公用事业改革和发展都会有重要的帮助。
The United Kingdom under Margaret Thatcher＇s leadership during 1979 to 1997 carried out a full privatization reform of its urban water service based on legislation.Through issuing laws,the privatization was set up,the legal positions of water governmental department was clarified by its duties,contents,objectives and processes,forming a trinity management system of legislation,execution and public supervision.A set of water laws matching the markets,water service supervision system and water pricing system have been built.Especially its RPI-X price management system which incorporates its price adjustment with promoting production efficiency acquires a global attention.The UK＇s privatization reform provides a reference in China＇s water service and other public services.
出处
《资源与产业》
北大核心
2011年第4期32-36,共5页
Resources & Industries
关键词
英国
水务行业
私有化
UK
water service
privatization
