论《农业机械运行安全技术条件》等标准存在的问题

Studies on the Problem Existing in the Standard of “Safe Technical Requirements for Agricultural Machinery Operating”

从解决生产实际中暴露的问题出发，利用手工计算和计算机编程计算，发现按国家标准《农业机械运行安全技术条件（谷物联合收割机）（ＧＢ１６１５１．１２—１９９６）》和机械行业标准《谷物联合收割机产品质量分等（ＪＢ／Ｔ ５１１９０—１９９７）》的要求拧紧螺纹紧固件时，会发生螺栓强度不足的问题，表明这两个标准规定的扭紧力矩偏大。作者提出，螺纹紧固件扭紧力矩的大小不应与螺栓的公称直径和螺栓材料的性能等级有关，其大小应根据能保证工作零部件正常、安全、可靠地工作来决定，并建议有关部门尽快修订。

To solve the problems revealed from the process of the production, calculation by hand and computer was conducted to find out that when the threaded fasteners are tightened according to the requirements of the national standard i.e., the standard of “Safe Technical Requirements For Agricultural Machinery Operating(Grain Combine)” and machinery industry standard “Product Quality Classification of Grain Combine”, insufficient bolt intensity has happened. It indicates that the value of tightening torque of threaded fasteners fixed by these two standards is higher than normal. It was pointed out that the value of tightening torque of threaded fasteners has nothing to do with nominal diameter and quality class of bolt stock. It should be guaranted that all parts of the engine can work normally, reliably and with high quality. It is suggested that the concerned departments revise these standards as quickly as possible.