生草对鲁西北果园生态环境及苹果光合特性的影响

Effects of Grass Cover on Microenvironment in the Northwest of Shandong Apple Orchard and Photosynthesis Characteristics in 'Red Fuji'

以"红富士"苹果为试材,研究了果园生草对果园生态环境变化规律及"红富士"光合特性变化的影响。结果表明:果园生草后降低了"红富士"生长季节的冠层温度和果园土壤温度,提高了果树冠层湿度。对土壤湿度的影响表现为两面性,前期显著降低,后期高于清耕区。同时,覆草后"红富士"叶片光合速率和蒸腾速率显著升高。且对生态环境及光合的调节程度与草种种类关系密切,白三叶草调控能力优于黑麦草。

＇Red Fuji＇ apple was used to determine effects of grass cover on ecological environment of apple orchard and photosynthesis characteristics in ＇Red Fuji＇ apple.The results showed that canopy temperature and soil temperature were decreased by grass cover,and humidity of canopy was improved.However,soil humidity lowered in early stage and was higher significantly than that of the treatment of weed clearing.Meanwhile leaf photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate in apple were significantly increased.The adjustment ability was relative to the kind of grass.In our experiment,the treatment of whitetip clover cover was better than other treatments.