克尔凯郭尔之为“存在主义先驱”的再审视

On Kierkegaard as a "Pioneer of Existentialism"

克尔凯郭尔能够为今人所知首先要归功于"存在主义先驱"的称号。他以文学的和心理学的"非哲学"方式为"存在主义"贡献了诸如"生存""选择""自由""忧惧""虚无""眩晕"等重要概念和术语,其开创性的工作在海德格尔、萨特和加缪的作品中得到了批判性的接纳和回应。只是,克尔凯郭尔是19世纪的自由作家和思想家,他有自己关心和忧虑的问题,他的作品揭示出的内涵要远远大于"存在主义先驱"的称号。这一点提醒我们,在理解克尔凯郭尔与"存在主义"的关系问题之时需持谨慎态度。

The fact that Kierkegaard could be world famous primarily owes to his reputation as a ＂Pioneer of Existentialism＂. Starting from the non-philosophy of literature and psychology, he made contributions to existential philosophy in putting forward such terms as ＂Existence＂, ＂Choice＂, ＂Freedom＂, ＂Anxiety＂, ＂Nothingness＂ and ＂Vertigo＂. Later, his pioneering work was critically accepted and echoed by Heidegger, Sartre and Camus. However, as a liberal writer and thinker in the 1900s, Ki- erkegaard had his own concerns and anxieties, and his writings embodied much more significance than his title of ＂Pioneer of Existentialism＂ could cover. Therefore, we should keep alert in understanding the relationship between Kierkegaard and ＂Exis- tentialism＂.