烯烃聚砜的分子结构对其抗静电性能的影响

Effects of Molecular Structure of Poly(Olefin Sulfones) on Their Antistatic Performances

用不同结构的烯烃、极性单体、SO2为原料合成聚砜型油品抗静电剂,考察了烯烃及极性单体的结构对聚砜抗静电性能的影响,研究了产品相对分子质量与其抗静电性能之间的关系,深入探讨了聚砜型油品抗静电剂的作用机理。实验结果表明,长链α-烯烃聚砜有明显的抗静电效果,而主链C—C键上各有一个侧基的环己烯聚砜没有抗静电效果;加剂量为2m g/L时,癸烯聚砜和十六烯聚砜分别可使加氢柴油的电导率增加值达到110pS/m和83pS/m;丙烯酸-癸烯聚砜及顺酐-癸烯聚砜分子链上羧基与砜基之间的强静电相互作用使它们的抗静电效果明显优于癸烯聚砜,在癸烯与极性单体丙烯酸、顺酐的摩尔比均为10∶1、加剂量为2m g/L时,可分别使加氢柴油的电导率增加值达到297pS/m和153pS/m;相对分子质量大的聚砜产品初期抗静电效果不如相对分子质量小的产品,但前者的后期抗静电效果优于后者。

Polysulfones as antistatic additives for fuel oil were synthesized from different olefins, polar monomers and sulfur dioxide. The influences of molecular structures and relative molecular masses of poly （olefin sulfones） on their antistatic performance were investigated. The results showed that antistatic effect of poly （α-alkene sulfones ） with long side groups was significant, and poly （cyclohexene sulfone） with one side group on each C--C bond as antistatic additive was inactive. When the antistatic additive （ poly （ 1 -decene sulfone ） or poly （ 1 -hexadecene sulfone） ） dosage was 2 mg/L, the conductivity increments of hydrotreated diesel fuel were 110 pS/m or 83 pS/m, respectively. The strong electrostatic interactions between carbonyl groups and sulfone groups in the molecules of poly （ acrylic acid-1 -decene sulfone） and poly （ maleic anhydride-1 -decene sulfone） result in their higher antistatic performance than that of poly （1-decene sulfone）. When the mole ratio of 1-decene to polar monomer, namely acrylic acid or maleic anhydride, was 10 ： 1 and the antistatic additive dosage was 2 mg/L, the conductivity increments of the hydrotreated diesel fuel was 297 pS/m and 153 pS/m, respectively. The poly （olefin sulfones） with lower relative molecular mass showed higher antistatic performance than those with high relative molecular mass in the early days of storage, but the latter showed better performance in the late period of the storage.