进士同年、党争与士人关系——立足于苏轼与章惇关系考述

The Relations between Jinchi Born in the Same Year,Factional Strife and Scholars——A Study on the Relationship of Su Shi and Zhang Dun

作为北宋后期两大对立阵营的领袖人物,苏轼与章?的关系比较复杂,二人同年考中进士,早年交往密切,一度结为至交,后来随着变法派与反变法派之间的矛盾不断激化,苏轼与章惇也由交善走向交恶,昔日的同年挚友变为政坛仇雠。导致苏轼、章惇关系恶化的原因不在于个人品德操行的好坏,而主要在于他们政治立场的异同及"党同伐异"政治环境。

As the leaders of the two opposing camps in the late Northern Song Dynasty, the relationship of Su Shi and Zhang Dun was more complicated. They passed imperial examinations in the same year. They had close contacts with each other and were intimate friends for a time. Later, as the contradiction between reformers and anti--reformers became more and more intensive, their relationship also deterio- rated. The former intimate friends turned into political enemies. Their relationships deteriorated not be- cause of their personal moral conducts, but their political positions and political environments where people were narrowly partisans.