论郑和下西洋的航海价值观

Research on sailing values in Zheng He's voyage to Western Ocean

探讨对郑和下西洋起决定性作用的航海价值观。通过对历史文献的具体分析,指出郑和下西洋航海价值观的主要内涵是维护封建明王朝的统治,保障统治集团的利益;基本特征是重政治效应,轻经济利益,重官方控制,轻民间开放;历史本质是中国封建社会步入晚期,其上层建筑要顽固地维护和巩固自己的经济基础,从而确保封建专制主义统治的历史产物。认为正是落伍于世界发展潮流的封建主义航海价值观,导致郑和下西洋成为后继无人的千古绝唱,导致具有悠久辉煌古代历史的中国航海事业在近代陷于艰难困苦的中衰泥淖。

This thesis is about the sailing values which had ever decisive effect on Zheng He and his voyage to the Western Ocean.Based on specific analysis on historical literature,this paper elaborated on three aspects about Zheng He＇s voyage to the Western Ocean.Firstly,its major purpose is to maintain the ruling of the feudal Ming dynasty and ensure the interests of the ruling group.Secondly,its basic characteristics are laying more emphasis on political effect rather than economical benefits and thinking highly of official control over rather than nongovernmental opening.Thirdly,its historical nature is that in late Chinese feudal society the ruling groups of Ming dynasty tried stubbornly to protect and strengthen its own economical foundation in order to ensure its feudal autocracy rule.In conclusion,the outdated maritime values apart from major trend of the world,result in Zheng He＇s voyage to the Western Ocean becoming the solo peak all over Chinese maritime history,causing China Seafaring to be once glorious,but latter-day version stuck in dilemma.