口服三苯双脒不同疗程抗小鼠旋毛虫成囊期幼虫的效果观察

Efficacy of tribendimidine oral administration at different courses of treatment on encapsulated larvae of Trichinella spiralis in mice

目的比较以不同疗程口服300mg/（kg.d）三苯双脒抗小鼠横纹肌中旋毛虫成囊期幼虫的效果。方法 40只8周龄BALB/c小鼠被随机均分为5组,每只小鼠口饲感染旋毛虫成囊期幼虫50条。感染后第29d,分别以不同疗程（连续给药2、4、6、8 d）口服三苯双脒300mg/（kg.d）治疗,对照组不治疗。记录小鼠健康状况。停药后第7d,颈椎脱臼处死小鼠。肌肉压片法观察小鼠膈肌、咬肌、胸肌、腓肠肌中成囊期幼虫存活情况,计数总虫数、活虫数和死虫数。另取40只8周龄BALB/c小鼠,随机均分为5组,分别用不同疗程治疗后的小鼠膈肌成囊期幼虫50条口饲感染,感染后第29d,肌肉压片法计数膈肌中成囊期幼虫。结果实验期间,各组小鼠健康状况良好,未见药物不良反应。随着疗程的增加,4个部位肌肉中幼虫总虫荷和活虫数均呈下降趋势,而死虫数呈上升趋势。与对照组相比,2 d及2 d以上疗程组膈肌、咬肌和腓肠肌中成囊期幼虫总虫数和存活虫数均显著减少（P〈0.05、P〈0.01）,6 d疗程组和8 d疗程组胸肌总虫数显著减少（P〈0.05、P〈0.01）。随着疗程的增加,膈肌、咬肌、胸肌和腓肠肌的幼虫死亡率呈上升趋势,其中6 d疗程组分别为96.16%、98.06、99.13%和98.56%（P〈0.01）,8 d疗程组为99.62%~100%（P〈0.01）。疗效验证性感染表明,6 d（37.5%）和8 d（12.5%）的感染率显著低于对照组（100%）和2 d（100%）疗程组（P〈0.01）。2 d及以上疗程组小鼠平均虫荷和平均减虫率均显著低于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论口服TBD 300mg/（kg.d）,连续给药6 d或8 d,无不良药物反应,可有效杀死肌肉中的成囊期幼虫,为适宜疗程。

In order to compare the curative effect of tribendimidine（TBD） oral administration at different courses of treatment against encapsulated larvae of Trichinella spirails in striated muscle in mice,forty BALB/c mice of 8 week old were randomly divided equally into 5 groups,and each mouse infected orally with 50 Trichinella spiralis encapsulated larvae.Twenty ninth day after infection,TBD was administered each orally to 5 groups with 300mg/（kg·d） at different courses of treatment（lasted for 2,4,6 or 8 d）,respectively,control group was not treated.Then the drug untoward reactions for mice were observed.Mice were sacrificed on the day 7 after drug withdrawal.The encapsulated larvae in diaphragmatic muscle,jugomaxillary muscle,pectoral muscle and gastrocnemius muscle were observed with pellet method and the total,survival and dead worms were counted.Another forty BALB/c mice of 8 week old were randomly divided equally into 5 groups,each mouse infected orally with 50 Trichinella spiralis encapsulated larvae in diaphragmatic muscle of mice that orally administered TBD 300mg/（kg·d） at different courses of treatment.On the day 29 after infection,encapsulated larvae in diaphragmatic muscle were observed and counted with pellet method.Results showed that during the experimental session,mice were in good health,while drug adverse reaction was not detected.The total worm burden and survival worms were downtrend and dead worms were raised in four muscles as the course of treatment increased.Compared with the control group,the total and survival worms in diaphragmatic muscle,jugomaxillary muscle and gastrocnemius muscle of 2 d and over 2 d courses of treatment were significantly decreased（P0.05,P0.01）,and the total worm in pectoral muscle of 2 d and over 2 d courses of treatment groups were significantly decreased（P0.05,P0.01）.As the courses of treatment increasing,the death rates of encapsulated larvae were raise in four muscles,and that in 6 d course of treatment group was 96.16%,98.06%,99.13% and 98.56% respectively（P0.01）,while that in 8 d course of treatment group was 99.62%-100%（P0.01）.The authenticity infection for curative effect indicated that infection rates in 6 d（37.5%） and 8 d courses of treatment groups（12.5%） were significantly lower than that in control（100%） and 2 d courses group（100%）（P0.01）.Mean worm burden and mean worm reduction of mice in 2 d and over 2 d courses of treatment were significantly decreased than that in control group（P0.01）.In conclusion,oral administered TBD 300mg/kg d to mice for 6 d or 8 d could not detect adverse drug reaction,but could effectively kill encapsulated larvae and was a suitable course of treatment against encapsulated larva stage of the parasite.