学龄前儿童行为问题与家庭环境及饮食关系的探讨

Preschool Behavior Problems and the Relationship with Family Environment and Diet

目的探讨家庭环境及饮食对儿童行为的影响。方法采用Achenbach儿童行为量表与食物频率调查表对齐齐哈尔市702名4～6岁儿童的家长进行调查。结果儿童行为问题检出率为16．67％（男童18．56％、女童14．66％）。家庭经济收入、居住面积、家庭类型、父母受教育程度与儿童行为问题的检出率有关。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析显示非独生子女、含糖饮料和高能量零食及红肉类摄入频次多是行为问题的危险因素；动物内脏摄入频次多、母亲受教育程度高则为保护因素。结论齐齐哈尔市4～6岁儿童行为问题检出率较高；母亲受教育程度可通过多种家庭环境因素影响儿童行为；饮食对儿童行为的影响可能与铅的毒性作用及能量和多种营养素有关。

Objective To evaluate the impact of the family environment and diet on children. Methods Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and the food frequency questionnaire were used to investigate 702 children aged 4 to 6 parents in Qiqihar City. Results The detection rate of child behavior problems was 16.67% （18.56% boys and girls 14.66% ）. Family income,living area,family type,parental level of education and child behavior problems were related to the detection rate. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non - single child, sugary drinks and high - energy snacks and red meat intake frequency were risk factors of behavior problems. The frequency of intake of animal organs,high educated mothers were protective factor. Conclusion Behavior problems of 4 - 6 years old child in Qiqihar City had a higher detection rate. Mother,level of education can influence child behavior problems by a variety of children a family environment. Effect of diet on children＇s behavior may be related to the toxic effects of lead and the energy and nutrients.