温度对真鲷能量收支的影响

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ENERGY BUDGET OF PAGROSOMUS MAJOR

真鲷系浅海暖温性底层肉食性鱼类，在中国浅海底层鱼类中有着较为广泛的代表性。本研究在以玉筋鱼为饵料生物和最大摄食水平条件下，采用室内流水模拟实验法定量了其能量收支各组分和能量收支分配模式的温度影响。结果表明，在实验温度范围内，真鲷的摄食率、生长率、总代谢率和排泄率均随温度上升呈减速增长趋势， 二者之间的定量关系均可用对数曲线加以定量描述；真鲷的能量收支分配模式。11.2±1.98℃：100C＝4.48F + 9.55U + 80.19R + 5.78G；14.7±0.57℃：100C＝2.28F + 8.99U + 74.56R + 14.16G；19.4±0.44℃：100C＝2.73F + 8.00U + 63.23R + 26.03G；23.1±1.43℃： 100C＝2.94F + 8.23U + 65.76R + 23.07G。从分配模式可以看出，真鲷能量收支各组分的分配率随温度显著变化，其中代谢分配率和排泄分配率随温度升高呈U形变化趋势，而生长分配率和排粪分配率则恰恰相反。由于不同温度下真鲷的代谢能分别占了同化能的69.72%～93.28%，生长能则占6.72%～30.28%，故与其他鱼类相比，真鲷基本上属于低生长效率、高代谢消耗型鱼类。

The energy budget of Pagrosomus major de termined by the continuousflow simulating method in laboratory under different temperatures showed that, within t he range of experiment temperature, food consumption energy (C), excretion energy (U), total metabolism ener gy (R) and growth energy (G) all tended to derease with increase of temperature. The energy assigning m odels can be expressed with following budget formulas: 11.2±1.98℃：100C＝4.48F + 9.55U + 80.19R + 5.78G 14.7±0.57℃：100C＝2.28F + 8.99U + 74.56R + 14.16G 19.4±0.44℃：100C＝2.73F + 8.00U + 63.23R + 26.03G 23.1±1.43℃：100C＝2.94F + 8.23U + 65.76R + 23.07G The assigning models changed remarkably with temperature. In the models, t he change in the assigning rates of metabolism and excretion energy was Ushaped with temperature rise, but that of growt h energy had opposite trend. Because the metabolism and growth energy of Sparus macrocephalusr are respectively 69.72%～93.28% or 6.72%～30.28% of its assimilation energy , it should belong to fish of lower gro wth efficiency and higher metabolism consumption.