凌云加尤高山汉话的语缀

The Language Affixes of Jiayou Gaoshan Han Dialect in Lingyun County

加尤高山汉话名词的语缀分后缀和前缀,后缀有"子,崽、崽崽,头,娘、娘娘,婆,手,巴,佬,鬼,家,匠,师,夫,客"等,前缀有"老、阿"等。形容词语缀多为后缀,基本是双音节,且以重叠式为主,附着在单音节形容词后;前缀很少,一般表示程度深,包含"很"的意思。有些动词词根后加叠音后缀,具有强烈的形象色彩;这些动词多表示人的情态。量词语缀只有"子",且构词能力很弱。

The language affixes of Jiayou Gaoshan Han Dialect are divided into prefixes and suffixes.Suffixes include＂zi（子）,zai（崽）,zaizai（崽崽）,tou（头）,niang（娘）、niangniang（娘娘）,po（婆）,shou（手）,ba（巴）,lao（佬）,gui（鬼）,jia（家）,jiang（匠）,shi（师）,fu（夫）,ke（客）＂,etc.and prefixes include ＂lao（老）,a（阿）＂ etc.Most adjectival affixes are suffixes which are basically two syllables and mainly in reduplication form,attaching behind the monosyllabic adjective;Adjectival affixes have very few prefixes which generally express the meanings of deep degree and also contain the meaning of ＂very＂.Some verb roots added reduplication suffixes have a strong flavor of image;these verbs mostly show the human＇s emotions and attitudes.The language affix of measure word only has ＂zi（子）＂ and has a low word-formation ability.