美沙酮长期维持治疗患者情况分析

A Study on Long-term Maintenance Treatment Patients in Methadone Maintenance Treatment

目的通过对美沙酮维持治疗中坚持服药3年及以上服药人员情况进行分析,了解其一般情况及治疗情况。方法选取广州市荔湾区药物维持治疗点坚持服药3年及以上的46例服药人员作为研究对象,采用描述性统计方法对其人口学特征及治疗前后情况进行分析。结果长期维持治疗患者以男性为主,平均年龄(39.93±8.10)岁;大部分具有初中及以上文化程度;与家人、亲属或朋友居住,并有较好的家庭关系;93.48%的服药人员为无业或待业;97.80%的长期维持治疗人员吸毒时间10年以上,平均时间为(17.78±3.75)年;吸毒花费以100～500元者居多;82.6%的服药人员至治疗点所需时间在30min以下;大多数患者服药剂量为20～80mL;服药参与率中位数91.72%,尿检参与率中位数91.72%,尿检阳性率中位数14.12%。结论在治疗中对美沙酮维持治疗患者一般情况和治疗前后情况进行监测,并针对监测结果对患者采取相应干预措施有利于其长期维持,进而改善治疗效果。

Objective To discern the demographic and treatment characteristic of patients who have taken methadone maintenance treatment for more than 3 years.Methods 46 opioid-dependence who have taken methadone maintenance treatment for more than 3 years,were recruited from the methadone maintenance clinic of Guangzhou brain hospital.Analyzing their demographic,pre-treatment and post-treatment characteristics by means of descriptive statistics.Results The patients are predominantly male,their average age（39.93 ± 8.10） years;mostly with secondary and higher education;living with their family,relatives or friends and having good family relationships.Pre-treatment,93.48% of the patients unemployed,97.80% had addicted in heroin for 10 years or more,the average time（17.78 ± 3.75） years;majority spent 100-500 yuan per day for drugs.Post-treatment,82.6% spent 30 minutes or less in journey to clinic;most patients taking a dose of 20-80mL.The median of treatment participation rate,urine test participation rate and urine positive rate were 91.72%,1.72% and 14.12%,respectively.Conclusion Monitoring the demographic,pre-and post-treatment characteristics of the patients during the medication,and taking appropriate measures for them is beneficial for their therapeutic time and effect.