大豆绿肥腐解规律及其对玉米产量的影响

Decomposition of Rule Soybean Green Manure and Its Effect on Maize Yield

以大豆(沧豆6号)为绿肥材料,采用在田间埋入尼龙袋子的绿肥施用方法,研究了在是否种植玉米和是否施用化肥条件下大豆绿肥的腐解规律及其对玉米产量的影响。结果表明:随着埋入时间的延长,绿肥的干物质量逐渐减少且腐解速率逐渐降低,其腐解过程表现为前期腐解快、后期腐解逐渐减慢的特点,不同时期的绿肥干物质量存在显著差异;绿肥在种植玉米条件下比不种植玉米条件下腐解得快,在施用化肥条件下比不施化肥条件下腐解得快,但差异均不显著;绿肥不论是单施还是与化肥配施均能够大幅度提高玉米产量,单施绿肥的增产效果优于单施化肥,以绿肥与化肥配施玉米产量最高,且产量差异均达到了极显著水平。在种植玉米且施用化肥条件下,大豆绿肥腐解得最快,玉米产量最高为8 293.5 kg/hm2,分别较不施绿肥和化肥(CK)、单施化肥、单施绿肥增产19.91%、12.38%和3.97%;单施绿肥较单施化肥增产8.09%。在玉米生产上,提倡绿肥与化肥配合施用。

Using soybean Cangdou No.6 as the green manure,the plant was harvested at full-bloom stage,cut and let in the nylon bag to be buried in field.The effects of maize and chemical fertilizer on the decomposition of soybean green manure,and the effect of soybean green manure on maize yield were studied.The results showed that with the prolongation of time,the dry matter reduced gradually,and the decomposition rate decreased.The decomposition of soybean green manure was fast at earlier stage,and then decreased at later stage.The green manure decomposed fast with maize planting and chemical fertilizer.The single application of green manure or the combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer could increase the maize yield greatly,the yield increased more with the single application of green manure than that of chemical fertilizer,the maize yield was the highest with the combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer,and the difference in the yield reached the very significant level.The green manure decomposed fastest and the maize yield was the highest（8 293.5 kg/hm2）with the maize planting and chemical fertilizer,which increased by 19.91%,12.38% and 3.97% than no green manure and chemical fertilizer,single application of chemical fertilizer and single application of green manure,respectively.The combined application of green manure and chemical fertilizer was advocated in maize production.