元顺帝时期的防灾救灾研究

The Shunzong Periods of Yuan Dynasty Disaster Prevention and Relief Studies

元顺帝统治时期,元代社会已经进入了它的黄昏阶段:政治黑暗,社会矛盾尖锐,人民生活困苦,起义不断。面对这样的局面,元顺帝还是实施了一些比较有效的防灾救灾措施来保障人民的生活,主要表现在灾荒救济、医疗救助、徭役减轻、慈善收养制度等方面。但由于政府腐败导致防灾救灾措施实施不力,反而激发了社会阶级矛盾和民族矛盾,加速了元朝的覆灭。同时这些防灾救灾的措施对明初相关政策的出台产生了深远的影响。

In the reign of Emperor Shun Zong periods,the society of Yuan Dynasty was declining.During this period,the politics was dark,the social contradictions were fierce,the people lived in poverty and uprisings were staged successively.Yuan Shun Zong still conducted desperate struggles,though in the last phrase.Some efficient systems of disaster prevention and relief were instituted to guarantee the livelihood of the people,primarily the systems of famine and disaster relief,medicare assistance,corvee exemption and charitable adoption.However,these systems could not be implemented effectively because of the corruption of politics.As a result,class contradictions and ethnic conflicts were intensified,and the Yuan Dynasty was hastened to collapse.On the other hand,these systems had a great influence on the associated measures of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.