公路隧道火灾逃生疏散研究

Research on Evacuation and Rescue in Road Tunnel under Fire

以苍岭隧道为背景,首先采用经验计算理论和计算软件building EXODUS相结合的方式,从被困人员的安全疏散时间、高温烟气的影响、隧道横通道的利用率以及人员的疏散行为特性进行了研究。结果表明:中小规模火灾情况下的安全疏散时间控制在8 min之内,高温烟气影响不大,但横通道的利用率不平均,且人员疏散路线相对集中。然后对存在的逃生疏散问题提出针对性建议以及其他相关建议,旨在为更大程度降低事故的严重性和经济财产损失。

With Cangling road tunnel as the background,empirical theory and the calculation software building EXODUS were respectively used to simulate evacuation from the tunnel under fire accident,with study focus on evacuation time,influence of high temperature smoke,utilization ratio of transverse passage-way,and behavioral features.Results show that,if the safety evacuation time is controlled within 8 minutes under small and medium tunnel fire,smoke will have no influence on evacuation;but the utilization ratios of transverse passage-way are unequal,and the evacuation route is relatively concentrated.Finally,corresponding evacuation and rescue measures are put forward so as to reduce the severity of fire accident to great extent.