山丘型血吸虫病流行区抑螺防病林的抑螺效果及生态经济效益

Snail control effect and eco-economical benefit of forest for snail control and schistosomiasis prevention in mountainous regions

目的评价山丘型血吸虫病流行区抑螺防病林的抑螺效果及生态经济效益。方法在云南省洱源县血吸虫病流行区"兴林抑螺综合试验示范区"三营自然村,选择实施抑螺防病林工程区内的稻田、秧田、灌溉沟和菜园沟等4类环境样地,采用回顾性调查、现场勘查、走访农户等方法,调查2006-2010年钉螺孳生情况、当地农户的经济收入状况及生态环境变化情况。结果实施抑螺防病林工程后,2010年稻田、秧田、灌溉沟和菜园沟钉螺面积分别比2006年下降了70.5%、91.0%、49.7%和58.8%,活螺框出现率分别下降了81.6%、97.2%、84.4%和87.9%,活螺平均密度分别下降了79.0%、97.8%、86.0%、93.6%。农户经济收入显著提高,生态环境显著改善。结论在山丘型血吸虫病流行区,抑螺防病林工程不仅具有明显的抑螺效果,而且还能产生良好的经济和生态效益。

Objective To evaluate the snail control effect and eco economical benefit of the forest for snail control and schis-tosomiasis prevention in mountainous regions.Methods From 2006 to 2010,the retrospective survey,field inspection and family interview were adopted to collect the data of snail status,and the economic income and ecological environment of local region in rice paddy,seedling bed,irrigation channel and kaleyard channel in Sanying Village,Eryuan County,Yunnan Province,where the Flourishing Forest and Controlling Snails Project was implemented.Results After the implementation of the project,compared to 2006,the snail areas in rice paddy,seedling bed,irrigation channel and kaleyard channel in 2010 reduced by 70.5%,91.0%,49.7%,and 58.8%,respectively;the occurrence rates of frames with living snails dropped by 81.6%,97.2%,84.4% and 87.9%,re-spectively;and the average densities of living snails dropped by 79.0%,97.8%,86.0% and 93.6%,respectively.The economic in-come of farmers and ecological environment improved obviously.Conclusions The forest for snail control and schistosomiasis prevention in mountainous areas not only has an obvious effect on snail control,but also can yield significant economic and ecological benefits.