大学生极不健康减肥行为影响因素研究

Effect factors of extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors among college students

目的了解安庆、巢湖两地大学生自我体像与实际体型的符合程度,探讨极不健康减肥行为的影响因素。方法采取整群抽样方法,抽取安庆、巢湖两地两所大学的学生,采用《青少年健康相关行为问卷(大学)》进行现场调查。统计分析方法包括卡方检验、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果大学生体型超重或肥胖检出率为5.2%(143/2757),23.0%的女生和12.8%的男生认为自己超重或肥胖,大学生自我体像构成性别差异有统计学意义(χ2=183.85,P<0.001)。极不健康减肥行为发生的影响因素有BMI分组、自我体像、性别、家庭居住地、性格。多因素Logistic回归模型结果显示,女生自我体像、自评相貌与极不健康减肥行为之间存在着统计学关联,而男生自我体像、自评相貌与极不健康减肥行为之间关联无统计学意义。结论青少年学生未能正确评价自己体重,盲目减肥和漠视体重的行为同时存在,极不健康减肥行为在大学生中存在性别差异,女生的自我体像、自评相貌与极不健康减肥行为之间存在着统计学关联。

Aim To understand the coincidence between actual body weight status and self-body image,and to explore the effect factors of extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors.Methods Two universities were selected using cluster sampling method in Anqing City and Chaohu City.Information regarding extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors was collected by self-administered questionnaire.Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-square and multivariate Logistic regression.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 5.2%（143/2757）,but 23.0% of girls and 12.8% boys assessed themselves overweight and obesity,with a significant difference in gender about self-body image（χ2=183.85,P0.001）.The demographic characteristics which influenced extremely unhealthy control behaviors were BMI,self-body image,gender,residence and temperament.The result of the model of multivariate Logistic regression revealed that self-body image and self-assessment appearance was significantly associated with extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors among girls,but that was not significantly associated with extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors among boys.Conclusion Young students can not correctly assess their own body weight,and the behaviors of blind weight loss and ignoring weight coexist in the research.This study also suggests that self-body image and self-assessment appearance is significantly associated with extremely unhealthy weight control behaviors among girls.