水解酸化-好氧处理含油污水中微生物群落变化研究

Study on change of microbial community structure in hydrolytic acidification-aerobic biological treatment oily wastewater

为揭示水解酸化-好氧处理系统处理油田采出水过程中生物群落的变化规律,考察对不同水力停留时间(tHRT)下好氧池的生物相,提取水解酸化池和好氧池中菌体的脱氧核糖核酸(DNA),以细菌通用引物对DNA V3高变异区聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增后进行变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析。结果表明:当水解酸化池和好氧池的水力停留时间分别大于12和16 h时,镜检有高级原生动物,出水CODCr去除率大于58.73%,含油去除率大于98.61%;水解酸化-好氧处理工艺在不同tHRT条件下运行后,在形成的细菌群落中,既有相同的优势群落,也有各自特有的优势群落;随着tHRT的延长,水解酸化池中优势群落的种类和数量增加,当tHRT>12 h时,优势群落变化较小,形成稳定的细菌群落,出水水质趋于稳定;随着tHRT的延长,好氧处理池中优势群落的种类和数量减少,当tHRT>16 h时,优势群落变化较小,形成稳定的生态系统,出水水质趋于最佳。

In order to reveal the biological community changes of hydrolytic acidification-aerobic system in oilfield produced water treatment,the biological phase of aerobic tank was observed,and the genomic DNA of microbial communities was extracted.The V3 region in DNA was amplified by the universal primers,and the bacterial community structure of hydrolytic acidification-aerobic system was studied by polymerase chain reaction（PCR） amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）.The results show that the removals of CODCr and oil content in oil wastewater are more than 58.73% and 98.61% when the hydraulic retention times（HRT） of anoxic tank and aerobic tank are beyond 12 h and 16 h respectively.The senior protozoa could be found in treated wastewater by the microscopic.From the profiles of DGGE bands,it can be seen that both the similarities and differences existed in the main bacterial community of treated wastewater after hydrolytic-aerobic biological treatment under different HRT condition.In the hydrolysis tank,with the increase of HRT,the species and quantity of the main bacterial communities increase.When the HRT is longer than 12 h,the main microbial community seldom changes,and the stable community and water quality are formed.While in the aerobic treatment tank,the species and quantity of the main bacterial communities decrease with the increase of HRT.When the HRT is longer than 16 h,the main microbial community seldom changes,and the stable community is also formed,the best water quality is obtained.