团体咨询改善小学生社会技能的实验研究

An Experimental Study on Group Counseling for Improving Pupils' Social Skills

目的:通过实验研究表明团体咨询对改善小学生社会技能方面有重要作用。方法:某小学四年级一个班作为实验组,共41人(其中男生23人,女生18人)。采用前后测设计。对实验组进行十二次团体心理咨询,采用社会技能等级评定表进行前后测,以前后测结果的对照及受欢迎程度的改变值和喜欢他人程度的改变值作为效果指标。结果:在受欢迎程度上,前后测得分在受欢迎组、被拒绝组、低接纳组和女生中差异显著,被拒绝组学生团体咨询效果要优于受欢迎组的;在喜欢他人程度的改变上,低接纳组学生的团体咨询效果要优于高接纳组的;在受欢迎程度的改变上,女生的团体咨询效果要优于男生。结论:团体心理咨询对小学生社会技能的干预有效;采取班级团体心理咨询的方式,团体咨询的效果在人际关系不良的学生及女生中表现得更为明显。

Objective： To improve pupils＇ social skills by group counseling. Methods： A total of 41 pupils （including 23 boys and 18 girls） in some class in Grade four in Liuyang Primary School were selected . By using pre-test and post-test experiment design, 12 group cotmsels were made. The effects is valuedby social skills rating table on popularity and acceptance. Results： In popularity, scores after group counseling in popular group, rejected group, low accepted group and the girls are significantly higher than the before. Groups consulting effects of rjected group student is better than popular group＇s, In acceptance, Groups consulting effects of low accepted group is better than high accepted groups; In popularity, Groups consulting effects of girls is better than boys. Conclusion： The group counseling is effective on improving children＇s social skills; Take the class group counseling way, effect on interpersonal poor students and girls fared is more obvious.