中国当代的文化发展和文化体制改革

Cultural Development and Cultural Restructuring in Contemporary China

文化建设是社会主义现代化建设总体布局的重要组成部分。中华人民共和国成立60多年来,中国文化发展经历了几个重要时期:新中国成立后17年为中国文化发展奠基了初步基础;文化发展在"文化大革命"中步履维艰;改革开放时期,文化建设新局面得到开创。从1983年开始,国务院就开始有计划、有步骤地部署文化体制改革,逐步建立全国文化市场管理体系,将文化体制改革逐步深入。发展文化产业更成为改革开放以后文化市场建设的重大举措,文化事业和文化产业也明确为整个文化体制改革的方向和目标。通过对60余年文化建设和文化体制改革的路径分析,可以看到中国当代的文化事业以改革的精神破解发展难题,以开放的姿态迎接挑战,已经成功地走出一条中国特色社会主义文化发展道路。

Cultural construction is an integral part in the overall plan of socialist modernization construction. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China some 60 years ago, China’s cultural development has undergone several important periods: the 17 years following the founding of new China established a primary foundation for China cultural development; cultural development during 'Cultural Revolution' walked with great difficulty; a new phase of cultural construction was created during the reform and opening-up period. Since 1983, the State Council has already started to deploy cultural restructuring in an orderly and step-by-step fashion, a nationwide cultural market management system has gradually been established, and cultural restructuring gradually deepened. Moreover, the development of cultural industry became a major measure of cultural market construction after reform and opening-up, and cultural cause and cultural industry were made clear as the direction and objective of the overall cultural restructuring. Through analysis of the path of cultural construction and cultural restructuring in the past 60 years, we can see that the cultural cause in contemporary China has cracked development nutshell in the spirit of reform, faced up the challenges in a stance of opening-up, and has successfully cleared a path of socialist cultural development with Chinese characteristics.