住院患者基础护理及陪护需求的调查

Investigation on demand of basic nursing and escort service in hospitalized patients

目的调查住院患者基础护理及陪护需求，以探索适合卫生部“优质护理服务示范工程”的基础护理服务模式。方法以Orem自理理论及马斯洛需要层次论为依据设计问卷，调查住院患者基础护理需求及陪护需求。结果在基础护理需求方面，200例患者中84．5％患者愿意在有自理能力时进行自护，而在生活不能自理时由护士提供医学照顾；69．5％的患者希望在住院期问有亲人陪伴；在陪住需求方面，患者自己无法自理时58．5％患者希望住院期间亲人能协助生活护理。住院期间希望家人陪护的原因调查中68．0患者选择是亲情表现，64．0％患者认为是孝顺的表现，78．5％认为是心理需求。结论按需实施基础护理既有利于促进患者康复、回归社会，又有利于护理专业发展，缓解护理服务与护理收费不对等的矛盾，是适合卫生部优质护理服务的基础护理模式。

Objective Investigated the demand of basic nursing and escort service in hospitalized patients, to explore the basic nursing service mode of ＂demonstration project for high quality nursing service＂ approved by the ministry of public health. Methods Based on Orem self - care theory and Maslow＇ s theory of needs hierarchy, we investigated and understood the basic care needs and chaperone demand of the in patients. Results 84.5 % of patients were willing to self - care while be independent among 200 patients, and received medical care provided by nurses while losing of ability to care for themselves. 69.5% of patients wanted relatives around them, 58.5% of patients wanted assisted help by their relatives when they lost the ability to care for themselves. Familylove was one reason for providing care in relatives, about 68.0% of ones agreed, filial piety was higher, about 64.0% and the most important reason was psychological needs, it was about 78.5%. Conclusions On-demand basic nursing is not only beneficial to recover and to return to society for the patients, but also helpful to improve nursing professional development, to alleviate contradictions of nursing service and fees. It is suitable for high quality nursing service mode approved by ministry of basic nursing.